File::Basename(3)Perl

NNAAMMEE
       fileparse - split a pathname into pieces

       basename - extract just the filename from a path

       dirname - extract just the directory from a path

SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
           use File::Basename;

           ($name,$path,$suffix) = fileparse($fullname,@suffixlist)
           fileparse_set_fstype($os_string);
           $basename = basename($fullname,@suffixlist);
           $dirname = dirname($fullname);

           ($name,$path,$suffix) = fileparse("lib/File/Basename.pm","\.pm");
           fileparse_set_fstype("VMS");
           $basename = basename("lib/File/Basename.pm",".pm");
           $dirname = dirname("lib/File/Basename.pm");

DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
       These routines allow you to parse file specifications into
       useful pieces using the syntax of different operating
       systems.

       fileparse_set_fstype
           You select the syntax via the routine
           fileparse_set_fstype().

           If the argument passed to it contains one of the
           substrings "VMS", "MSDOS", "MacOS", "AmigaOS" or
           "MSWin32", the file specification syntax of that
           operating system is used in future calls to
           fileparse(), basename(), and dirname().  If it
           contains none of these substrings, UNIX syntax is
           used.  This pattern matching is case-insensitive.  If
           you've selected VMS syntax, and the file specification
           you pass to one of these routines contains a "/", they
           assume you are using UNIX emulation and apply the UNIX
           syntax rules instead, for that function call only.

           If the argument passed to it contains one of the
           substrings "VMS", "MSDOS", "MacOS", "AmigaOS", "os2",
           "MSWin32" or "RISCOS", then the pattern matching for
           suffix removal is performed without regard for case,
           since those systems are not case-sensitive when
           opening existing files (though some of them preserve
           case on file creation).

           If you haven't called fileparse_set_fstype(), the
           syntax is chosen by examining the builtin variable $^O
           according to these rules.

       fileparse
           The fileparse() routine divides a file specification
           into three parts: a leading ppaatthh, a file nnaammee, and a
           ssuuffffiixx.  The ppaatthh contains everything up to and
           including the last directory separator in the input
           file specification.  The remainder of the input file
           specification is then divided into nnaammee and ssuuffffiixx
           based on the optional patterns you specify in
           @suffixlist.  Each element of this list is interpreted
           as a regular expression, and is matched against the
           end of nnaammee.  If this succeeds, the matching portion
           of nnaammee is removed and prepended to ssuuffffiixx.  By proper
           use of @suffixlist, you can remove file types or
           versions for examination.

           You are guaranteed that if you concatenate ppaatthh, nnaammee,
           and ssuuffffiixx together in that order, the result will
           denote the same file as the input file specification.

EEXXAAMMPPLLEESS
       Using UNIX file syntax:

           ($base,$path,$type) = fileparse('/virgil/aeneid/draft.book7',
                                           '\.book\d+');

       would yield

           $base eq 'draft'
           $path eq '/virgil/aeneid/',
           $type eq '.book7'

       Similarly, using VMS syntax:

           ($name,$dir,$type) = fileparse('Doc_Root:[Help]Rhetoric.Rnh',
                                          '\..*');

       would yield

           $name eq 'Rhetoric'
           $dir  eq 'Doc_Root:[Help]'
           $type eq '.Rnh'

       basename
            The basename() routine returns the first element of
            the list produced by calling fileparse() with the
            same arguments, except that it always quotes
            metacharacters in the given suffixes.  It is provided
            for programmer compatibility with the UNIX shell
            command basename(1).

       dirname
            The dirname() routine returns the directory portion
            of the input file specification.  When using VMS or

            MacOS syntax, this is identical to the second element
            of the list produced by calling fileparse() with the
            same input file specification.  (Under VMS, if there
            is no directory information in the input file
            specification, then the current default device and
            directory are returned.)  When using UNIX or MSDOS
            syntax, the return value conforms to the behavior of
            the UNIX shell command dirname(1).  This is usually
            the same as the behavior of fileparse(), but differs
            in some cases.  For example, for the input file
            specification lib/, fileparse() considers the
            directory name to be lib/, while dirname() considers
            the directory name to be .).