F2C(1)
NAME
f2c - Convert Fortran 77 to C or C++
SYNOPSIS
f2c [ option ... ] file ...
DESCRIPTION
F2c converts Fortran 77 source code in files with names
ending in `.f' or `.F' to C (or C++) source files in the
current directory, with `.c' substituted for the final
`.f' or `.F'. If no Fortran files are named, f2c reads
Fortran from standard input and writes C on standard out-
put. File names that end with `.p' or `.P' are taken to
be prototype files, as produced by option `-P', and are
read first.
The following options have the same meaning as in f77(1).
-C Compile code to check that subscripts are within
declared array bounds.
-I2 Render INTEGER and LOGICAL as short, INTEGER*4 as
long int. Assume the default libF77 and libI77:
allow only INTEGER*4 (and no LOGICAL) variables in
INQUIREs. Option `-I4' confirms the default ren-
dering of INTEGER as long int.
-Idir Look for a non-absolute include file first in the
directory of the current input file, then in direc-
tories specified by -I options (one directory per
option). Options -I2 and -I4 have precedence, so,
e.g., a directory named 2 should be specified by
-I./2 .
-onetrip
Compile DO loops that are performed at least once
if reached. (Fortran 77 DO loops are not performed
at all if the upper limit is smaller than the lower
limit.)
-U Honor the case of variable and external names.
Fortran keywords must be in lower case.
-u Make the default type of a variable `undefined'
rather than using the default Fortran rules.
-w Suppress all warning messages, or, if the option is
`-w66', just Fortran 66 compatibility warnings.
The following options are peculiar to f2c.
-A Produce ANSI C. Default is old-style C.
-a Make local variables automatic rather than static
unless they appear in a DATA, EQUIVALENCE,
NAMELIST, or SAVE statement.
-C++ Output C++ code.
-c Include original Fortran source as comments.
-cd Do not recognize cdabs, cdcos, cdexp, cdlog, cdsin,
and cdsqrt as synonyms for the double complex
intrinsics zabs, zcos, zexp, zlog, zsin, and zsqrt,
respectively.
-ddir Write `.c' files in directory dir instead of the
current directory.
-E Declare uninitialized COMMON to be Extern (overrid-
ably defined in f2c.h as extern).
-ec Place uninitialized COMMON blocks in separate
files: COMMON /ABC/ appears in file abc_com.c.
Option `-e1c' bundles the separate files into the
output file, with comments that give an unbundling
sed(1) script.
-ext Complain about f77(1) extensions.
-f Assume free-format input: accept text after column
72 and do not pad fixed-format lines shorter than
72 characters with blanks.
-72 Treat text appearing after column 72 as an error.
-g Include original Fortran line numbers in #line
lines.
-h Emulate Fortran 66's treatment of Hollerith: try to
align character strings on word (or, if the option
is `-hd', on double-word) boundaries.
-i2 Similar to -I2, but assume a modified libF77 and
libI77 (compiled with -Df2c_i2), so INTEGER and
LOGICAL variables may be assigned by INQUIRE and
array lengths are stored in short ints.
-i90 Do not recognize the Fortran 90 bit-manipulation
intrinsics btest, iand, ibclr, ibits, ibset, ieor,
ior, ishft, and ishftc.
-kr Use temporary values to enforce Fortran expression
evaluation where K&R (first edition) parenthesiza-
tion rules allow rearrangement. If the option is
`-krd', use double precision temporaries even for
single-precision operands.
-P Write a file.P of ANSI (or C++) prototypes for def-
initions in each input file.f or file.F. When
reading Fortran from standard input, write proto-
types at the beginning of standard output. Option
-Ps implies -P and gives exit status 4 if rerunning
f2c may change prototypes or declarations.
-p Supply preprocessor definitions to make common-
block members look like local variables.
-R Do not promote REAL functions and operations to
DOUBLE PRECISION. Option `-!R' confirms the
default, which imitates f77.
-r Cast values of REAL functions (including intrin-
sics) to REAL.
-r8 Promote REAL to DOUBLE PRECISION, COMPLEX to DOUBLE
COMPLEX.
-s Preserve multidimensional subscripts. Suppressed
by option `-C' .
-Tdir Put temporary files in directory dir.
-w8 Suppress warnings when COMMON or EQUIVALENCE forces
odd-word alignment of doubles.
-Wn Assume n characters/word (default 4) when initial-
izing numeric variables with character data.
-z Do not implicitly recognize DOUBLE COMPLEX.
-!bs Do not recognize backslash escapes (\", \', \0, \\,
\b, \f, \n, \r, \t, \v) in character strings.
-!c Inhibit C output, but produce -P output.
-!I Reject include statements.
-!i8 Disallow INTEGER*8.
-!it Don't infer types of untyped EXTERNAL procedures
from use as parameters to previously defined or
prototyped procedures.
-!P Do not attempt to infer ANSI or C++ prototypes from
usage.
The resulting C invokes the support routines of f77;
object code should be loaded by f77 or with ld(1) or cc(1)
options -lF77 -lI77 -lm. Calling conventions are those of
f77: see the reference below.
FILES
file.[fF]
input file
*.c output file
/usr/include/f2c.h
header file
/usr/lib/libf2c.a
f2c function library
/lib/libc.a
C library, see section 3
SEE ALSO
S. I. Feldman and P. J. Weinberger, `A Portable Fortran 77
Compiler', UNIX Time Sharing System Programmer's Manual,
Tenth Edition, Volume 2, AT&T Bell Laboratories, 1990.
DIAGNOSTICS
The diagnostics produced by f2c are intended to be self-
explanatory.
BUGS
Floating-point constant expressions are simplified in the
floating-point arithmetic of the machine running f2c, so
they are typically accurate to at most 16 or 17 decimal
places.
Untypable EXTERNAL functions are declared int.