gv(1)

gv(1)

gunzip Home Page User Commands Index gvim


Name
       gv - a PostScript and PDF previewer

Synopsis
       gv [ filename ]
          [-monochrome] [-grayscale] [-color]
          [-[no]safer] [-[no]quiet] [-arguments <arguments>]
          [-page <label>] [-[no]center]
          [-media <media>]
          [-portrait] [-landscape] [-upsidedown] [-seascape]
          [-scale <n>] [-scalebase <n>]
          [-swap] [-noswap]
          [-antialias] [-noantialias]
          [-dsc] [-nodsc]
          [-eof] [-noeof]
          [-pixmap] [-nopixmap]
          [-watch] [-nowatch]
          [-?] [-h] [-help] [-v]
          [-resize] [-noresize]
          [-geometry [<width>][x<height>][{+-}<xoffset>{+-}<yoffset>]
          [-ad <resource file>]
          [-style <resource file>]
          [-spartan]
          [<other toolkit options>]

Description
       gv  allows to view and navigate through PostScript and PDF
       documents on an X display by providing  a  user  interface
       for the ghostscript interpreter.

       Please   note  that  gv  is  derived  from  Tim  Theisen's
       ghostview 1.5.

Options
       filename
              The name of the file to  be  displayed.   The  file
              ending  ".ps" may be omitted.  "filename" may point
              to a  compressed  file  (gzipped,  zipped  or  com-
              pressed).   Viewing  PDF  files  requires  at least
              ghostscript version 4.x.

       -ad <<resource file>>
              Read and use additional  resources  from  the  file
              <resource  file>.  These resources have higher pri-
              ority than those provided in  the  context  of  the
              -style <resource file> option.

       -antialias, -noantialias
              Whether to use antialiasing.

       -arguments <<arguments>>
              Start ghostscript with additional options as speci-
              fied by the string <arguments>.

       -center, -nocenter
              Whether the page should be centered  automatically.

       -dsc, -nodsc
              Determines if document structuring convention (DSC)
              comments should be respected or ignored.  If -nodsc
              is  used  gv will not attempt to examine the struc-
              ture of the document but will pass the file to  the
              ghostscript interpreter as a whole. In this case no
              page numbers are shown and freely moving around  in
              the document is not possible.  This option may help
              when viewing files not conforming to  the  document
              structuring conventions.

       -eof, -noeof
              Defines  the  behaviour  of  the postscript scanner
              used to examine the structure of the document.   If
              -noeof  is used the scanner will ignore end of file
              (EOF) comments. This may help  when  viewing  docu-
              ments  which import other documents without enclos-
              ing them  within  the  proper  "BeginDocument"  and
              "EndDocument" comments.  If -eof is used, the scan-
              ner treats an EOF comment as marking the end of the
              file.

       -pixmap, -nopixmap
              If  -pixmap is used gv tries to maintain off-screen
              regions of the displayed page by allocating a  suf-
              ficiently large pixmap.  If -nopixmap is used the X
              Server is responsible for maintaining obscured por-
              tions of the displayed page (see also the "useBack-
              ingPixmap" resource).

       -v     Print the version number of gv to  standard  output
              and exit.

       -h, -? Display a short help message and exit.

       -help  Display a more explicit help message and exit.

       -scale <<n>>
              Selects  the  scale entry <n> relative to the scale
              1.0.  <n> must be an integer.

       -scalebase <<n>>
              Selects the scale base <n>.

       -monochrome, -grayscale, -color
              Sets the color palette to be used.

       -media <<media>>
              Selects the paper size to be used. Valid values are
              names  of  paper  sizes  that appear in the list of
              page medias as given by the medias resource.

       -page <<label>>
              Display the page with label <label> first.

       -portrait, -landscape, -seascape, -upsidedown
              Sets the orientation.

       -quiet, -noquiet
              Whether  to  start  ghostscript  with  the  -dQUIET
              option.

       -resize, -noresize
              Whether gv is allowed to automatically fit the size
              of its window to the size of the displayed page.

       -safer, -nosafer
              Whether  to  start  ghostscript  with  the  -dSAFER
              option.

       -spartan
              This is a shortcut for "-style gv_spartan.dat".

       -style <<resource file>>
              Read  and  use  additional  resources from the file
              <resource file>.  These resources have  lower  pri-
              ority than those provided in the context of the -ad
              <resource file> option.

       -swap, -noswap
              Whether to interchange the meaning of the  orienta-
              tions landscape and seascape.

       -watch, -nowatch
              The  -watch  option causes gv to check the document
              periodically. If changes are detected gv will auto-
              matically  display  the  newer version of the file.
              The document is by default checked once every  sec-
              ond.   This  can  be  changed via the watchFileFre-
              quency resource.  Note that sending gv  the  SIGHUP
              signal also causes an update of the displayed docu-
              ment. This method may be used by document  creators
              to trigger gv remotely.

Resources
       Resource files

       In  general  gv  does  not depend on any external resource
       files.  However, when starting gv,  preferences  are  read
       from

       +o      a  system specific resource file.  The name of this
              file is as described by the "XFILESEARCHPATH" envi-
              ronment  variable,  or,  if  this  variable  is not
              defined, implementation dependant. In most cases it
              is "/usr/X11/lib/X11/app-defaults/GV".  Administra-
              tors may want to modify this file in order  to  set
              up gv according to the local needs of their system.

       +o      a user specific resource file.  The  name  of  this
              file  is  either  "~/.gv"  or  as  described by the
              "XUSERFILESEARCHPATH" environment variable.

       The files "gv_user.ad" and "gv_system.ad" (located in  the
       library  directory  of  gv,  which is most probably either
       "/usr/local/lib/gv/" or  "/usr/lib/gv/"  may  serve  as  a
       basis  for  constructing  the  user  and  system  specific
       resource files.

       Note that the user and system specific resource files  are
       not  the  only  sources  of preferences taken into account
       when gv is started.  However, in practice  these  are  the
       most important.

       Resources of gv

       The  following describes some of the resources of gv.  The
       precise syntax of some  of  the  resource  values  may  be
       inferred   from   the  appended  default  system  specific
       resource file.

       antialias
              Whether antialiasing should be used.  Valid  values
              are "True" and "False".

       autoCenter
              Whether  the displayed page should automatically be
              centered (for instance when opening  a  new  file).
              Valid values are "True" and "False".

       autoResize
              Whether  gv  is  allowed  to resize the main window
              according to the size of the current  page.   Valid
              values are "True" and "False".

       confirmPrint
              Whether  printing  requires  an extra confirmation.
              Valid values are "True" and "False".

       confirmQuit
              Whether leaving  gv  requires  extra  confirmation.
              Valid values are "0" (Never), "1" (When processing)
              and "2" (Always).  The default value is "1",  which
              causes  a confirmation request when trying to leave
              gv in the presence of  pending  PDF  to  Postscript
              conversions.

       scrollingEyeGuide
              If  this  resource is "True" scrolling via the key-
              board causes a temporary border to be drawn  around
              the  previously  visible area of the page.  Allowed
              values are "True" and "False".

       ignoreEOF
              Defines the behaviour of the postscript scanner  as
              described in the Options section.  Valid values are
              "True" and "False".

       respectDSC
              Determines whether gv  should  attempt  to  respect
              document  structuring  comments.   Valid values are
              "True" and "False".

       reverseScrolling
              Defines  the  interpretation  of  directions   when
              scrolling  with the mouse.  Valid values are "True"
              and "False".

       swapLandscape
              Whether the meaning of  "landscape"  and  "seacape"
              should  be  interchanged.   Valid values are "True"
              and "False".

       scratchDir
              Specifies a directory used to store temporary data.

       defaultSaveDir
              Specifies  the  default  destination  directory for
              files to be saved.

       useBackingPixmap
              If the value of this  resource  is  "False"  the  X
              Server  is advised that saving off-screen pixels of
              the displayed page would be beneficial (maintaining
              backing  store).  In this case gv does not actively
              maintain the contents of the page but relies on the
              X  Server.  The  server is, however, always free to
              stop maintaining backing  backing  store.   If  the
              value  of  this  resource is "True" the X Server is
              advised that maintaining backing store is not  use-
              ful.  In this case gv attempts to allocate a suffi-
              ciently large pixmap to store the contents  of  the
              displayed page.

       watchFile
              Whether the document should be checked periodically
              and updated automatically if  changes are detected.
              Valid values are "True" and "False".

       watchFileFrequency
              Defines  the  time in milliseconds elapsing between
              successive checks of the document when watchFile is
              set  to "True".  Allowed values must be larger than
              500.

       printCommand
              The command used for printing a file.  The  command
              may  contain  multiple '%s' wildcards which will be
              replaced by the name of the file to be printed.

       gsInterpreter
              The command used to start  the  ghostscript  inter-
              preter.

       gsCmdScanPDF
              The  command  used  to extract document structuring
              comments from a PDF file.

       gsCmdConvPDF
              The  command  used  to  convert  a  PDF   file   to
              PostScript.

       gsX11Device
              The ghostscript command line option which activates
              the "X11" device.

       gsX11AlphaDevice
              The ghostscript command line option which activates
              the "X11" device with antialiasing enabled.

       gsSafer
              Determines  whether  ghostscript  should be started
              with the "-dSAFER" command line option.

       gsQuiet
              Determines whether ghostscript  should  be  started
              with the "-dQUIET" command line option.

       gsArguments
              May  be  used  to  provide  additional command line
              options for the ghostscript interpreter.   Starting
              gv  with  the  "-arguments <arguments>" option will
              override this resource setting.

       magMenu
              Describes the menu that pops up when  preparing  to
              to zoom an area of the displayed page.

       dirs   Defines  a  list  of directories accessible via the
              Directories menu in the file selection window.  The
              special  value "Home" corresponds to the users home
              directory,  the  value  "Tmp"  corresponds  to  the
              scratch  directory  as  defined  by  the scratchDir
              resource.

       filter Defines the default filter to be used when display-
              ing a directory contents in the file selection win-
              dow.  A filter is specified according to the syntax
                 <filter>    := [<filespecs>] [no <filespecs>]
                 <filespecs> := <filespec> [<filespecs>]
                 <filespec>  := filename possibly including wildcards '*'
                                which match any character.
              Example: The filter
                 GV*filter: *.ps *.pdf no .*
              screens  out  all  files with names starting with a
              dot and keeps of  the  remaining  ones  only  those
              which end on ".ps" or ".pdf".

       filters
              Defines  a  list  of filters offered in the Filters
              menu of the  file  selection  window.   The  filter
              "None"  has  a special meaning causing all files to
              be displayed when the corresponding menu  entry  is
              selected.

       miscMenuEntries
              Describes  the menu that pops up when clicking with
              the third mouse button on the displayed page.   The
              value  of  this resource is a list of menu entries.
              Allowed entries are  "update",  "redisplay",  "tog-
              gle_current",      "toggle_even",     "toggle_odd",
              "unmark",  "stop",   "print_all",   "print_marked",
              "save_all", "save_marked" and "line".

       showTitle
              Whether  the  name of the displayed document should
              be shown in the title bar of the window.  The  name
              of  gv's  icon will also change accordingly if this
              resource is set to "True".

       maximumWidth, maximumHeight
              When resizing gv will not  attempt  to  exceed  the
              size specified by these resources.  These resources
              may be  specified  as  a  positive  integer  or  as
              "screen",  optionally  combined  with a positive or
              negative offset.  The default values  listed  above
              provide  examples  for  this syntax.  "screen" will
              automatically  be  replaced  by  the  size  of  the
              screen.

       minimumWidth, minimumHeight
              Defines  a minimum size for the main window.  Valid
              values for both  resources  are  positive  integers
              larger than 200.

       scale  Sets  the initial scale. The value of this resource
              is the offset of the scale to be selected  relative
              to the scale 1.0 in the the "Scale" menu.

       scaleBase
              Selects  the  initial scale base. The value of this
              resource should be a positive integer.

       scales Defines the available scales bases  and  scales  in
              the "Scale" menu.

       orientation
              Sets  the  initial  orientation.  Valid  values are
              "portrait",  "landscape","seascape",  "upside-down"
              and  "automatic".  "automatic" causes gv to attempt
              to derive the  correct  orientation  from  document
              structuring comments.

       fallbackOrientation
              Defines  the  paper-size  to be used when automatic
              orientation detetction  fails.   Valid  values  are
              "portrait",   "landscape","seascape"  and  "upside-
              down".

       medias A list describing the  page  medias  known  to  gv.
              List  entries  starting  with  "!"  or "#" will not
              appear in the "Media" menu but will still  be  used
              for automatic paper size detection.

       pagemedia
              Sets the paper size.  Allowd values are as given in
              the above list of paper-sizes.   Specifying  "auto-
              matic"  causes  gv to attempt to derive the correct
              paper-size from document structuring comments.

       fallbackPageMedia
              Defines the paper-size to be  used  when  automatic
              paper-size  detetction  fails.  Valid values are as
              given in the  above list of paper-sizes.

       The default user and system specific resource file

       GV.pageMedia:           automatic
       GV.orientation:         automatic
       GV.fallbackOrientation: portrait
       GV.swapLandscape:       False
       GV.autoCenter:          True
       GV.antialias:           False
       GV.respectDSC:          True

       GV.ignoreEOF:           True
       GV.confirmPrint:        True
       GV.reverseScrolling:    False
       GV.scrollingEyeGuide:   True
       GV.autoResize:          True
       GV.maximumWidth:        screen-20
       GV.maximumHeight:       screen-44
       GV.minimumWidth:        400
       GV.minimumHeight:       430
       GV.confirmQuit:         1
       GV.watchFile:           False
       GV.watchFileFrequency:  1000
       GV.showTitle:           True
       GV.miscMenuEntries:     redisplay       \n\
                               # update        \n\
                               stop            \n\
                               line            \n\
                               toggle_current  \n\
                               toggle_even     \n\
                               toggle_odd      \n\
                               unmark          \n\
                               line            \n\
                               print_all       \n\
                               print_marked    \n\
                               save_all        \n\
                               save_marked
       GV.scale:               0
       GV.scaleBase:           1
       GV.scales:              Natural size,   1.000,  screen  \n\
                               Pixel based,    1.000,  pixel   \n\
                               0.100,          0.100           \n\
                               0.125,          0.125           \n\
                               0.250,          0.250           \n\
                               0.500,          0.500           \n\
                               0.707,          0.707           \n\
                               1.000,          1.000           \n\
                               1.414,          1.414           \n\
                               2.000,          2.000           \n\
                               4.000,          4.000           \n\
                               8.000,          8.000           \n\
                               10.00,          10.00
       GV.medias:              Letter,         612     792     \n\
                               # LetterSmall,  612     792     \n\
                               Legal,          612     1008    \n\
                               Statement,      396     612     \n\
                               Tabloid,                792     1224    \n\
                               Ledger,         1224    792     \n\
                               Folio,          612     936     \n\
                               Quarto,         610     780     \n\
                               # 7x9,          504     648     \n\
                               # 9x11,         648     792     \n\
                               # 9x12,         648     864     \n\
                               # 10x13,                720     936     \n\
                               10x14,          720     1008    \n\
                               Executive,      540     720     \n\
                               # A0,           2384    3370    \n\
                               # A1,           1684    2384    \n\
                               # A2,           1191    1684    \n\
                               A3,             842     1191    \n\
                               A4,             595     842     \n\
                               # A4Small,      595     842     \n\
                               A5,             420     595     \n\
                               # A6,           297     420     \n\
                               # A7,           210     297     \n\
                               # A8,           148     210     \n\
                               # A9,           105     148     \n\
                               # A10,          73      105     \n\
                               # B0,           2920    4127    \n\
                               # B1,           2064    2920    \n\
                               # B2,           1460    2064    \n\
                               # B3,           1032    1460    \n\
                               B4,             729     1032    \n\
                               B5,             516     729     \n\
                               # B6,           363     516     \n\
                               # B7,           258     363     \n\
                               # B8,           181     258     \n\
                               # B9,           127     181     \n\
                               # B10,          91      127     \n\
                               # ISOB0,                2835    4008    \n\
                               # ISOB1,                2004    2835    \n\
                               # ISOB2,                1417    2004    \n\
                               # ISOB3,                1001    1417    \n\
                               # ISOB4,                709     1001    \n\
                               # ISOB5,                499     709     \n\
                               # ISOB6,                354     499     \n\
                               # ISOB7,                249     354     \n\
                               # ISOB8,                176     249     \n\
                               # ISOB9,                125     176     \n\
                               # ISOB10,       88      125     \n\
                               # C0,           2599    3676    \n\
                               # C1,           1837    2599    \n\
                               # C2,           1298    1837    \n\
                               # C3,           918     1296    \n\
                               # C4,           649     918     \n\
                               # C5,           459     649     \n\
                               # C6,           323     459     \n\
                               # C7,           230     323     \n\
                               # DL,           312     624
       GV.magMenu:             2,      2       \n\
                               4,      4       \n\
                               8,      8       \n\
                               16,     16      \n\
                               32,     32      \n\
                               64,     64
       GV*Ghostview.background:                white
       GV*Ghostview.foreground:                black
       GV.gsInterpreter:       gs
       GV.gsCmdScanPDF:        gs -dNODISPLAY -dQUIET -sPDFname=%s -sDSCname=%s pdf2dsc.ps -c quit

       GV.gsCmdConvPDF:        gs -dNODISPLAY -dQUIET  -dNOPAUSE -sPSFile=%s %s -c quit
       GV.gsX11Device:         -sDEVICE=x11
       GV.gsX11AlphaDevice:    -dNOPLATFONTS -sDEVICE=x11alpha
       GV.gsSafer:             True
       GV.gsQuiet:             True
       GV.gsArguments:
       GV.uncompressCommand:   gzip -d -c %s > %s
       GV.printCommand:        lpr
       GV.scratchDir:          ~/
       GV.defaultSaveDir:      ~/
       GV.fallbackPageMedia:   a4
       GV.useBackingPixmap:    True
       GV*dirs:                Home\n\
                               Tmp\n\
                               /usr/doc\n\
                               /usr/local/doc
       GV*filter:              no .*
       GV*filters:             None\n\
                               *.*ps* *.pdf*  no  .*\n\
                               *.*ps*   no  .*\n\
                               *.pdf*  no  .*\n\
                               no  .*

Mouse and key bindings
       Mouse bindings in the Main and the Zoom window
              The following mouse events  are  defined  when  the
              mouse pointer is either on the displayed page or on
              a zoomed area:
              - press button 1, move mouse, release button 1
                     Scrolls the displayed page 'proportionally'.
              - press button 3, move mouse, release button 3
                     Scrolls the displayed page 'absolutely'.
              - double-click with button 1
                     In  the main window this displays the previ-
                     ous/next page if the double-click occured in
                     the  left/right  half  of  the window.  In a
                     zoom window it does nothing.
              - press button 2, release button 2
                     Pops up a small menu which allows to  choose
                     a  magnification  for  a certain area around
                     the current mouse position.  After selecting
                     a  magnification  a zoom window pops up dis-
                     playing the area at the chosen scale.
              - press button 2, move mouse, release button 2
                     This draws and thereby defines a rectangular
                     region  which  can  be  displayed  in a zoom
                     window. The magnification for the  area  can
                     be  selected  by means of a popup menu which
                     appears after releasing button 2.
               - press button 1, press button 2
                     Redisplays  the  current  page.  This  event
                     sequence works only in the main window.
              - press button 3, release button 3
                     Pops  up  a  small  menu  which offers a few
                     standard  actions  like  'Redisplay',  'Mark
                     Page', etc.

       Mouse bindings in the File Selection popup
              The  following  mouse  events  are defined when the
              mouse pointer is in the window of either a file  or
              a directory list:
              - press button 1, move mouse, release button 1
                     Scrolls  a  file  or directory list 'propor-
                     tionally'.
              - press button 2, move mouse, release button 2
                     Scrolls a  file  or  directory  list  'abso-
                     lutely'.
              - press button 2, release button 2
                     Scrolls  a  file  or directory list one page
                     up/down if the button  was  pressed  in  the
                     upper/lower half of the list.
              - double-click with button 1 on a filename
                     Selects  the file and closes the File Selec-
                     tion popup.
              - click with button 1 on a directory name
                     Causes the contents of this directory to  be
                     displayed.

       Mouse bindings in the Table of Contents
              The  following  mouse  events  are defined when the
              mouse pointer is in the window showing  a  list  of
              page  numbers  of  the  current file (table of con-
              tents):
              - press button 1, move mouse, release button 1
                     Scrolls the table of contents.
              - press button 1 on a page number
                     Go to this page.
              - press button 2 on a page number
                     Mark this page if it is unmarked, but unmark
                     it if it is marked.
              - press button 2, move mouse, release button 2
                     Marks/unmarks  all  unmarked/marked pages in
                     the region crossed by the mouse pointer dur-
                     ing the movement.

       Mouse bindings in the Panner widget
              The Panner widget is the rectangular region located
              close to the left edge of the main window. It indi-
              cates the size and the position of the visible area
              of the current page relative to the total page.
              The following mouse events  are  defined  when  the
              mouse pointer is in this region:
              - press button 1, move mouse
                     Scrolls the displayed page.
              - press button 2
                     Display the previous page.
              - press button 3
                     Display the next page.

       Mouse bindings in the
              The  ">>"  and  "<<"  buttons  are  used to move to
              another  page.  The  following  mouse  events   are
              defined:
              - press button 1
                     Move 1 page forward/backwards.
              - press button 2
                     Move 5 pages forward/backwards.
              - press button 3
                     Move 10 pages forward/backwards.

       Key Bindings
              The  following  key  events are defined in the main
              window. Those bindings scrolling the page are  also
              defined in zoom popups.
              === Notation:
              s-X          means press "Shift"           and key "X"
              c-X          means press "Ctrl"            and key "X"
              sc-X         means press "Shift" or "Ctrl" and key "X"
              === Miscellaneous keys:
              A            Toggle antialiasing on and off
              O            Open a new file
              Q            Quit gv
              R            Toggle gv's resizing behaviour
              I            Respect/Ignore document structuring
              W            Watch file / Don't watch file
              S            Save the marked pages
              sc-S         Save the current file
              P            Print the marked pages
              sc-P         Print the current file
              c-L          Redisplay the current page
              .            Redisplay the current page
              sc-.         Reopen the current file
              M            Mark the current page
              N            Unmark the current page
              === Orientation:
              7            Orientation portrait
              8            Orientation landscape
              9            Orientation upside-down
              0            Orientation seascape
              === Magnification:
              sc-6         Select the scale entry -6 relative to the scale 1.0
              sc-5         Select the scale entry -5 relative to the scale 1.0
              sc-4         Select the scale entry -4 relative to the scale 1.0
              sc-3         Select the scale entry -3 relative to the scale 1.0
              sc-2         Select the scale entry -2 relative to the scale 1.0
              sc-1         Select the scale entry -1 relative to the scale 1.0
              ^            Select the scale 1.0 (for german keyboard layout)
              `            Select the scale 1.0
              1            Select the scale entry 1 relative to the scale 1.0
              2            Select the scale entry 2 relative to the scale 1.0
              3            Select the scale entry 3 relative to the scale 1.0
              4            Select the scale entry 4 relative to the scale 1.0
              5            Select the scale entry 5 relative to the scale 1.0
              6            Select the scale entry 6 relative to the scale 1.0
              +            Select the next scale entry
              =            Select the next scale entry
              -            Select the previous scale entry
              === Navigating:
              Arrow        Scroll in the direction of the arrow
              s-Up         Scroll columns up   or jump -1 pages
              s-Down       Scroll columns down or jump  1 pages
              s-Left       Scroll rows left    or jump -1 pages
              s-Right      Scroll rows right   or jump  1 pages
              c-Up         Jump -1 pages (to top/left corner)
              c-Down       Jump  1 pages (to top/left corner)
              c-Left       Jump -5 pages (to top/left corner)
              c-Right      Jump  5 pages (to top/left corner)
              D,X,Z,Y,C    Identical to arrow up,down,left,left,right
              V            Center the page
              sc-Space     Scroll columns up   or jump -1 pages
              Space        Scroll columns down or jump  1 pages
              BackSpace    Scroll columns up   or jump -1 pages
              Insert       Jump  -5 pages
              Delete       Jump   5 pages
              Home         Go to the first page
              End          Go to the last page
              Prior        Jump  -1 pages
              Next         Jump   1 pages
              Keypad 0-9   Highlight a page number
              Keypad -     Highlight previous page number
              Keypad +     Highlight next page number
              Keypad Enter Jump to the highlighted page
              c-Enter      Jump  -1 pages
              s-Enter      Jump  -1 pages
              Enter        Jump   1 pages
              B            Jump  -1 pages
              F            Jump   1 pages

Comments about the user interface
       Scales The  "Scale" menu which allows to view the document
              at different sizes is divided into two  parts.  The
              first  part  shows a list of available scale bases,
              the second part, separated by  a  line,  lists  the
              relative  scales  which are applied with respect to
              the selected scale base.
              By default two  scales  bases  are  available,  the
              "Natural  size"  and  the "Pixel based" base.  When
              choosing the "Pixel based" scale  base  a  relative
              scale  of 1.0 causes one postscript point to corre-
              spond to one pixel on the screen.
              When viewing a document at a relative scale of  1.0
              using  the  "Natural  size"  base  the  page should
              appear in its real size, as if  printed  on  paper.
              For the "Natural size" base to work properly gv has
              to know the correct size of the root window.  Auto-
              matic  detection  of  this  size unfortunately only
              provides approximate results, therefore it is  best
              if  it  is  provided  by  the  user.  To  do so the
              resource
                 GV.screenSize:  <width> x <height>
              should be added to the "SCREEN_RESOURCES"  property
              of  the  screen  the  document  is  viewed on, with
              <width>  and  <height>  describing  the  width  and
              height  of the root window in units of millimeters.
              For instance by using the command
                 echo "GV.screenSize: 396 x 291" | xrdb -override -screen
              a width of 346 mm and a height of 291  mm  will  be
              used  for  the "Natural size" scale base.  Alterna-
              tively the resource
                 GV.screenSize_<machine>_<disp>_<scr>:  <width> x <height>
              may be added to a resource file read  by  gv.  Here
              <machine>  ,<disp> and ANGLED) describe the display
              on which gv displays the document.   For  instance,
              if  the  display is set to "tic.tac.toe.wo:0.1" the
              resource should be specified as
                 GV.screenSize_tic_0_1: 396 x 291
              Note that this method doesn't work on  VMS.   As  a
              last alternative the resource
                 GV.screenSize:  <width> x <height>
              may be added to one of the resource files. However,
              for obvious reasons this method should be used only
              on single user machines.

       Scrolling
              It  is probably a de facto standard for user inter-
              faces that windows are supposed to be  scrolled  by
              means  of scrollbars attached to their sides.  How-
              ever, for various reasons the use of scrollbars has
              been minimized in gv.
              Instead,   in   all  windows  with  obscured  data,
              scrolling may be  performed  by  pressing  button1,
              moving  the  mouse, then releasing button1 directly
              in the window. This includes  the  displayed  page,
              zoom popups, the table of contents and the file and
              directory lists displayed  in  the  file  selection
              popup.

       Displaying new versions of a document
              During document creation it is usually desirable to
              always display the newest version of  the  document
              in work.
              Instead  of  explicitly  loading  it  via  the file
              selection popup the most recent version can be dis-
              played  by  pressing  the "Redisplay" button in the
              main window (VMS users should use the "Update File"
              entry  in  the  "File" menu).  Choosing the "Redis-
              play" entry in the menu that pops up when  clicking
              with  the  third  mouse button anywhere on the dis-
              played page certainly has the same effect.
              More comfortable is the "Watch File" feature  which
              may  be  switched on by selecting the corresponding
              entry in the "State" menu.  If  activated  gv  will
              check  every  now  and then if a new version of the
              displayed file exists. If so it will  be  displayed
              automatically.   By  default  the  file  is checked
              about once every second.
              Finally it may also be left to the document  creat-
              ing program to trigger gv to update its display. To
              do so the program should send the SIGHUP signal  to
              gv.  For instance at the end of a shell script gen-
              erating a postscript file from  latex  sources  the
              line
                 kill -SIGHUP <gv_pid>
              may  be  added  (here <gv_pid> is the process id of
              gv). Executing the script and  thereby  creating  a
              new  version  of  the document will then also cause
              the result to be displayed instantaneously.  Please
              note  that this feature is available only on X11 R6
              based systems.

Availability
       The source code of the most recent version of  gv  may  be
       obtained from the following sources:

       World Wide Web:
              http://wwwthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/~plass/gv/

       Anonymous ftp:
              ftp://thep.physik.uni-mainz.de/pub/gv/

Authors
       Johannes Plass             plass@thep.physik.uni-mainz.de
                                  Department of Physics
                                  Johannes Gutenberg University
                                  Mainz, Germany

       gv is derived from GhostView 1.5, created by
                 Tim Theisen      Systems Programmer
       Internet: tim@cs.wisc.edu  Department of Computer Sciences
           UUCP: uwvax!tim        University of Wisconsin-Madison
          Phone: (608)262-0438    1210 West Dayton Street
            FAX: (608)262-9777    Madison, WI   53706

Suggestions and bug reports
       Please    send    suggestions    or    bug    reports   to
       plass@thep.physik.uni-mainz.de.

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